Posted in The Informant
The Intermunicipal Plan for Urban Development (PIDU) is in the stage of study in the municipalities of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonala, Tlajomulco de Zuniga and El Salto, a instrument which, if adopted, will govern the policies of city planning in 2030.
"The Great Guadalajara" displayed in this document is to be achieved through an urban renewal of the metropolitan area, looking for sustainable development to improve the quality of life of the population. Many
PIDU objectives, which are important because they indicate the directions of the partial urban development plans of each of the municipalities that make up the Intermunicipal Association of Guadalajara. For example, the plan will seek to consolidate the urban area, focusing on intra-urban growth in areas underutilized, to prevent the spread of settlements in the periphery, as is happening.
The PIDU includes the retention of the most important agricultural areas such as valleys Toluquilla Tesistán and also to bring down the deficit presents the city green areas, and the formation of a green belt consisting of the hills of El Madroño, La Primavera, El Tepopote-dancers, Forest The Nixticuil-San Esteban-Tooth (Bensedi) and the Santiago River Canyon.
With regard to urban mobility is talk that maximizes the social exchange and accessibility to the city with non-motorized and public transport, for which it should redirect the current structure that "marginalized and endangers pedestrian and the rider. "
The PIDU also presents an opportunity to learn a multidisciplinary diagnostic of the city and its future. Dense and compact
The territorial extension of the six municipalities mentioned, amounts to 231 000 329 hectares, therefore, is this the total area of \u200b\u200bapplication of PIDU. However, the current urban area with its four million 60 000 531 inhabitants, 62 thousand 832 hectares, 27.16% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe plan.
An essential piece in the paper is that this area represents the city, although 55 000 386 hectares are occupied by other urban uses, 11.36% is wasted by the existence of seven thousand 135 hectares consisting of underused or vacant land, despite having the basic utilities. In addition to other 311 hectares the cities of Guadalajara and Tlaquepaque, which by its natural physical characteristics, are likely to be classified as ecological conservation.
The city population density is 65 inhabitants per hectare, "very low" as "a reflection of the rapid and uncontrolled growth" has been taken. It is therefore necessary to increase the density in the current urban area "to leverage existing infrastructure, reducing the demand for urban Serbs, prevent the loss of agricultural lands and green spaces, as well as to improve mobility.
PIDU implement the 70% growth to record the city 2030, it will be, an estimated one million 913 thousand 689 people, will be channeled to the empty interior spaces of the city, and 30%, at most, to the reserves involving peripheral urban expansion.
The new town will need to 2030 approximately 539 000 80 homes, which will require 10 000 544 hectares of urban land. With regard to other land uses, such as services, commerce, industry, equipment and open space, was estimated 50% of predicted for housing, ie, five thousand 272 hectare.
Thus, the year mentioned, the city will demand 15 000 816 hectares, although, as said, will be utilized seven thousand 135 hectares of intra-urban spaces empty.
The proposed PIDU verticalisation growth in areas with sufficient infrastructure and equipment, ie the re-densification, such as in the main corridors, with a view to the city to double its current population density.
That only 30% of the new population is seated on the periphery, enabling the conservation of agricultural valleys Tesistán, Copala, and Toluquilla Tlajomulco.
"City undone ..."
The phenomenon of migration to the periphery is happening in the city of Guadalajara, and in some sectors of Zapopan and Tlaquepaque, is called in the analysis of PIDU as "City of waste", motivated by the failure, particularly in the Guadalajara Centro, to provide housing that meets the needs of young couples and singles. Guadalajara
lost each year nine thousand inhabitants. The very large old houses five bedrooms or more, the environmental conditions of insecurity, pollution and urban congestion in the center and former colonies, and the advent of subdivisions on the banks combine to make this city Guadalajara waste.
This contributes to the origin of the phenomenon described in the document as the "fragmentation condensed, ie, the expansion of the city in subdivisions or gated, walled, although not considered new, dating from the sixties, "innovation is to permeate the segment of affordable housing where for them there is the financial inability to maintain good conditions for fractionation. For this reason in these joint deterioration accelerates. "
On the basis of such growth, he mentioned the plan: "The ideas expressed in these types of neighborhoods, from all strata, are old, with renewed ideas but more commodified practices: security, exclusivity, cleaning etc., have always been and always opt-generated processes. " They are located in remote areas, mainly in the agricultural valleys, looking for cheap land in real estate and thus more profit. "Another feature in the new social housing is overcrowding. For physical characteristics, these homes do not just solve the overcrowding deficit ... Faced with this problem we are lacking tools to help us eradicate this new deficit by overcrowding. Under this logic, the subdivisions are densified at the same time disperse, resulting in condensed fragmentation. "
Urban Reserves
After studying all the partial urban development plans of municipalities, it is known that in 2000 there were 17 000 854 hectares of urban reserve, for 2006, rose to 35 000 249 ha.
Whereas some spaces that are or will soon be undergoing urbanization, it is determined that a more precise amount of reserve is 30 thousand 609 hectares, almost double the 15 000 816 hectares that really require the population growth of the city to 2030.
What stands out is that according to PIDU of 35 thousand 249 hectare reserve referred to in the municipal plans, in fact, only 7%, or two thousand 759 hectares are suitable for residential land, for not being forested areas with agricultural potential or close to harmful factors such as landfills. Of the remainder, 11 000 700 hectares are considered soil conditions for development, to be present natural factors that may pose risks such as landslides, subsidence, geotechnical problems or flooding.
addition, 17 thousand 500 hectares did not qualify as suitable for urbanization because it would represent an invasion of forested areas and agricultural potential, and finally, three thousand 268 hectares are unsuitable for their proximity to landfills.
Reorganization
Overall, the urban renewal that will be implemented with PIDU is based on the configuration of three strategic areas for action in the city, named "Central City", "City Middle" and "Peripheral City", this for the implementation of various planning policies in accordance with the characteristics of each.
Central City, is contained in the ring bounded by the Beltway avenues North, Beltway Álvarez Castillo, Lopez Mateos, Agustín Yáñez Ring, Ring St. Hedwig, Rio Nile and Plutarco Elias Calles. It will be the MDC because it is the oldest area where are located the oldest neighborhoods and history. The policies will focus on improving and protecting urban heritage.
City Intermediate: it is outside the ring and provides referral to urban settlements beyond the Loop, it will be policies of urban consolidation and densification.
Peripheral City: consists of the self-sufficient towns on the periphery of the municipalities of Zapopan, Tlajomulco and El Salto, and add the scattered settlements of the first two. To illustrate with Zapopan would be talking about towns like Tesistán, Santa Lucia and Nextipac.
policies here will be concentrated on controlling urban sprawl, consolidate core self, that is, have, for example, government offices close, control of urban sprawl on agricultural valleys and the preservation of rural settlements.
fully cover the costs of housing, transportation, clothing, medical care, among others.
The PIDU establishes the need for the city to social integration, does not have specific pockets where they are seated so long groups in poverty, as these sites "are ends of social problems and conflicts."
He notes: "In terms of social justice guaranteed by the government, it is necessary to serve the population with very high poverty levels, both for equity reasons and to avoid the emergence of a polarization that complicate the harmony social relations. In this sense, is a priority to avoid the creation of squatter settlements or in areas without minimum capacity of urbanization. "
Among the proposals is to increase resources to serve the underserved population, continue to support targeted programs, implement other nutrition children and expand coverage of mobility options to outlying areas.
The document notes that planning policies should aim to use the demographic dividend, a phenomenon caused by "the decline in growth rates among children, and minimum growth rates of aging," which gives the city \u200b\u200b"maximum capacity at a lower cost." Talk
as to diversify educational choices according to the characteristics of the labor market, refocus the coverage and improve the quality of education to young children, and promote the exercise of professional practices.
Economically, emphasizes the promotion and strengthening of micro, small and medium enterprises, the attraction of high-tech companies, encourage the establishment of research, innovation and design, to simplify rules and procedures and increase legal certainty for companies, all aiming to exceed three thousand 750 pesos on average city dwellers received by workers in 2003.
In the area of \u200b\u200bhealth, it is essential to reach more people in health care for those who are not enrolled in public health systems or private, which are about 60% of the population. If in 2007, 4.9% of city dwellers was 65 years, in 23 years will be 11.2 percent. Environment
2030, the PIDU set a goal of doubling the protected natural areas around the city, among them recognizing the Sierra de Cerro Viejo-sill; Latilla-Tlajomulco, blocks of Tepopote-mountain dancers, the Sierra de Tesistán, the Sierra del Rincón and Chicharrón and the Serrania de Piedra Jacal Ixcatán tables.
This will settle the Ecological Corridor Metropolitan Guadalajara. The plan also talks of building structures in the vegetated road to Nogales, Colotlán, Saltillo and Colima, would restore the connectivity between natural areas for wildlife.
The increase of green spaces within the city is important, he says, because there is currently a deficit in this aspect, since for every resident is counted with 2.5 square meters of green areas, while the World Health Organization ( WHO) recommends nine to 10 square meters per capita.
On Tesistán agricultural valleys, and Tlajomulco Toluquilla be sought to maintain arable land and strengthen its activity, whereas in the past five years and have lost 600 thousand hectares in plains and urban growth. Annually, agricultural and other derivatives of natural capital generates about one billion pesos.
Improving public transport should contribute to obtaining a more favorable environment. In 2007 the city sold two thousand 676 million liters of gasoline and diesel thousand 243 million.
"Every gallon of gasoline emits 2.3 kg of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), so that each car yielded 11.04 kilograms of carbon dioxide on a typical day in 2007, and 3.9 tons per year. Considering the total number of private vehicles in 2007, the order of 1.5 million vehicles, pollution was six million tons of carbon dioxide. "
That same year, if you add that generated by public transport and lack of organization as a system, talk of just under 10 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted, one of the main greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. Reporter
Writing / AMLP
The Intermunicipal Plan for Urban Development (PIDU) is in the stage of study in the municipalities of Guadalajara, Zapopan, Tlaquepaque, Tonala, Tlajomulco de Zuniga and El Salto, a instrument which, if adopted, will govern the policies of city planning in 2030.
"The Great Guadalajara" displayed in this document is to be achieved through an urban renewal of the metropolitan area, looking for sustainable development to improve the quality of life of the population. Many
PIDU objectives, which are important because they indicate the directions of the partial urban development plans of each of the municipalities that make up the Intermunicipal Association of Guadalajara. For example, the plan will seek to consolidate the urban area, focusing on intra-urban growth in areas underutilized, to prevent the spread of settlements in the periphery, as is happening.
The PIDU includes the retention of the most important agricultural areas such as valleys Toluquilla Tesistán and also to bring down the deficit presents the city green areas, and the formation of a green belt consisting of the hills of El Madroño, La Primavera, El Tepopote-dancers, Forest The Nixticuil-San Esteban-Tooth (Bensedi) and the Santiago River Canyon.
With regard to urban mobility is talk that maximizes the social exchange and accessibility to the city with non-motorized and public transport, for which it should redirect the current structure that "marginalized and endangers pedestrian and the rider. "
The PIDU also presents an opportunity to learn a multidisciplinary diagnostic of the city and its future. Dense and compact
The territorial extension of the six municipalities mentioned, amounts to 231 000 329 hectares, therefore, is this the total area of \u200b\u200bapplication of PIDU. However, the current urban area with its four million 60 000 531 inhabitants, 62 thousand 832 hectares, 27.16% of the area of \u200b\u200bthe plan.
An essential piece in the paper is that this area represents the city, although 55 000 386 hectares are occupied by other urban uses, 11.36% is wasted by the existence of seven thousand 135 hectares consisting of underused or vacant land, despite having the basic utilities. In addition to other 311 hectares the cities of Guadalajara and Tlaquepaque, which by its natural physical characteristics, are likely to be classified as ecological conservation.
The city population density is 65 inhabitants per hectare, "very low" as "a reflection of the rapid and uncontrolled growth" has been taken. It is therefore necessary to increase the density in the current urban area "to leverage existing infrastructure, reducing the demand for urban Serbs, prevent the loss of agricultural lands and green spaces, as well as to improve mobility.
PIDU implement the 70% growth to record the city 2030, it will be, an estimated one million 913 thousand 689 people, will be channeled to the empty interior spaces of the city, and 30%, at most, to the reserves involving peripheral urban expansion.
The new town will need to 2030 approximately 539 000 80 homes, which will require 10 000 544 hectares of urban land. With regard to other land uses, such as services, commerce, industry, equipment and open space, was estimated 50% of predicted for housing, ie, five thousand 272 hectare.
Thus, the year mentioned, the city will demand 15 000 816 hectares, although, as said, will be utilized seven thousand 135 hectares of intra-urban spaces empty.
The proposed PIDU verticalisation growth in areas with sufficient infrastructure and equipment, ie the re-densification, such as in the main corridors, with a view to the city to double its current population density.
That only 30% of the new population is seated on the periphery, enabling the conservation of agricultural valleys Tesistán, Copala, and Toluquilla Tlajomulco.
"City undone ..."
The phenomenon of migration to the periphery is happening in the city of Guadalajara, and in some sectors of Zapopan and Tlaquepaque, is called in the analysis of PIDU as "City of waste", motivated by the failure, particularly in the Guadalajara Centro, to provide housing that meets the needs of young couples and singles. Guadalajara
lost each year nine thousand inhabitants. The very large old houses five bedrooms or more, the environmental conditions of insecurity, pollution and urban congestion in the center and former colonies, and the advent of subdivisions on the banks combine to make this city Guadalajara waste.
This contributes to the origin of the phenomenon described in the document as the "fragmentation condensed, ie, the expansion of the city in subdivisions or gated, walled, although not considered new, dating from the sixties, "innovation is to permeate the segment of affordable housing where for them there is the financial inability to maintain good conditions for fractionation. For this reason in these joint deterioration accelerates. "
On the basis of such growth, he mentioned the plan: "The ideas expressed in these types of neighborhoods, from all strata, are old, with renewed ideas but more commodified practices: security, exclusivity, cleaning etc., have always been and always opt-generated processes. " They are located in remote areas, mainly in the agricultural valleys, looking for cheap land in real estate and thus more profit. "Another feature in the new social housing is overcrowding. For physical characteristics, these homes do not just solve the overcrowding deficit ... Faced with this problem we are lacking tools to help us eradicate this new deficit by overcrowding. Under this logic, the subdivisions are densified at the same time disperse, resulting in condensed fragmentation. "
Urban Reserves
After studying all the partial urban development plans of municipalities, it is known that in 2000 there were 17 000 854 hectares of urban reserve, for 2006, rose to 35 000 249 ha.
Whereas some spaces that are or will soon be undergoing urbanization, it is determined that a more precise amount of reserve is 30 thousand 609 hectares, almost double the 15 000 816 hectares that really require the population growth of the city to 2030.
What stands out is that according to PIDU of 35 thousand 249 hectare reserve referred to in the municipal plans, in fact, only 7%, or two thousand 759 hectares are suitable for residential land, for not being forested areas with agricultural potential or close to harmful factors such as landfills. Of the remainder, 11 000 700 hectares are considered soil conditions for development, to be present natural factors that may pose risks such as landslides, subsidence, geotechnical problems or flooding.
addition, 17 thousand 500 hectares did not qualify as suitable for urbanization because it would represent an invasion of forested areas and agricultural potential, and finally, three thousand 268 hectares are unsuitable for their proximity to landfills.
Reorganization
Overall, the urban renewal that will be implemented with PIDU is based on the configuration of three strategic areas for action in the city, named "Central City", "City Middle" and "Peripheral City", this for the implementation of various planning policies in accordance with the characteristics of each.
Central City, is contained in the ring bounded by the Beltway avenues North, Beltway Álvarez Castillo, Lopez Mateos, Agustín Yáñez Ring, Ring St. Hedwig, Rio Nile and Plutarco Elias Calles. It will be the MDC because it is the oldest area where are located the oldest neighborhoods and history. The policies will focus on improving and protecting urban heritage.
City Intermediate: it is outside the ring and provides referral to urban settlements beyond the Loop, it will be policies of urban consolidation and densification.
Peripheral City: consists of the self-sufficient towns on the periphery of the municipalities of Zapopan, Tlajomulco and El Salto, and add the scattered settlements of the first two. To illustrate with Zapopan would be talking about towns like Tesistán, Santa Lucia and Nextipac.
policies here will be concentrated on controlling urban sprawl, consolidate core self, that is, have, for example, government offices close, control of urban sprawl on agricultural valleys and the preservation of rural settlements.
fully cover the costs of housing, transportation, clothing, medical care, among others.
The PIDU establishes the need for the city to social integration, does not have specific pockets where they are seated so long groups in poverty, as these sites "are ends of social problems and conflicts."
He notes: "In terms of social justice guaranteed by the government, it is necessary to serve the population with very high poverty levels, both for equity reasons and to avoid the emergence of a polarization that complicate the harmony social relations. In this sense, is a priority to avoid the creation of squatter settlements or in areas without minimum capacity of urbanization. "
Among the proposals is to increase resources to serve the underserved population, continue to support targeted programs, implement other nutrition children and expand coverage of mobility options to outlying areas.
The document notes that planning policies should aim to use the demographic dividend, a phenomenon caused by "the decline in growth rates among children, and minimum growth rates of aging," which gives the city \u200b\u200b"maximum capacity at a lower cost." Talk
as to diversify educational choices according to the characteristics of the labor market, refocus the coverage and improve the quality of education to young children, and promote the exercise of professional practices.
Economically, emphasizes the promotion and strengthening of micro, small and medium enterprises, the attraction of high-tech companies, encourage the establishment of research, innovation and design, to simplify rules and procedures and increase legal certainty for companies, all aiming to exceed three thousand 750 pesos on average city dwellers received by workers in 2003.
In the area of \u200b\u200bhealth, it is essential to reach more people in health care for those who are not enrolled in public health systems or private, which are about 60% of the population. If in 2007, 4.9% of city dwellers was 65 years, in 23 years will be 11.2 percent. Environment
2030, the PIDU set a goal of doubling the protected natural areas around the city, among them recognizing the Sierra de Cerro Viejo-sill; Latilla-Tlajomulco, blocks of Tepopote-mountain dancers, the Sierra de Tesistán, the Sierra del Rincón and Chicharrón and the Serrania de Piedra Jacal Ixcatán tables.
This will settle the Ecological Corridor Metropolitan Guadalajara. The plan also talks of building structures in the vegetated road to Nogales, Colotlán, Saltillo and Colima, would restore the connectivity between natural areas for wildlife.
The increase of green spaces within the city is important, he says, because there is currently a deficit in this aspect, since for every resident is counted with 2.5 square meters of green areas, while the World Health Organization ( WHO) recommends nine to 10 square meters per capita.
On Tesistán agricultural valleys, and Tlajomulco Toluquilla be sought to maintain arable land and strengthen its activity, whereas in the past five years and have lost 600 thousand hectares in plains and urban growth. Annually, agricultural and other derivatives of natural capital generates about one billion pesos.
Improving public transport should contribute to obtaining a more favorable environment. In 2007 the city sold two thousand 676 million liters of gasoline and diesel thousand 243 million.
"Every gallon of gasoline emits 2.3 kg of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), so that each car yielded 11.04 kilograms of carbon dioxide on a typical day in 2007, and 3.9 tons per year. Considering the total number of private vehicles in 2007, the order of 1.5 million vehicles, pollution was six million tons of carbon dioxide. "
That same year, if you add that generated by public transport and lack of organization as a system, talk of just under 10 million tonnes of carbon dioxide emitted, one of the main greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. Reporter
Writing / AMLP
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